New York City is home to numerous historic buildings that, while architecturally significant, often fall short in terms of comfort. Many were constructed during a time when large boilers were the pinnacle of heating technology, leading to spaces that are frequently either too hot or too cold.
In an innovative response, several companies are developing advanced horseshoe-shaped heat pumps. Unlike traditional window air conditioners, these units do not obstruct views and can both heat and cool spaces effectively.
One such company, Gradient, has unveiled a new feature for its heat pumps: the ability to connect multiple window units in multifamily residences. Gradient recently shared insights about its new Nexus software with TechCrunch.
"Multifamily buildings are often overlooked," stated Vince Romanin, Gradient's chief technology officer. "This is an area where we can significantly enhance user experience."
Focusing primarily on older structures in need of HVAC improvements, Gradient has collaborated with the New York City Housing Authority to implement its heat pumps in public housing and has conducted a pilot program in a modern affordable housing complex in Tracy, California. The company is also in discussions with various colleges and universities, many of which have dormitories ill-equipped for warmer autumn weather.
Older buildings typically have a single electric meter, which can lead to excessive heating or cooling usage by residents. The Nexus system empowers building managers to impose limits on energy consumption, ensuring comfort while preventing overuse. For instance, one building manager set the heating limit to 78°F, resulting in a 25% reduction in energy usage the following day.
Romanin emphasized that Gradient's heat pumps represent the "most economical choice" for aging buildings with outdated boilers, a common scenario in New York City. Additionally, units that previously relied solely on steam radiators can now benefit from air conditioning, making them more resilient against increasing heat waves.
By opting for window units instead of traditional minisplit systems, retrofitting can be accomplished in a matter of hours without the need for electrical upgrades. Romanin noted that in buildings with outdated wiring that cannot handle a full 12 amp load on a single outlet, Nexus can optimize energy consumption.
Moreover, Gradient is exploring solutions to manage heat pump operations during peak grid demand, particularly on hot summer days. By leveraging building data and feedback from heat pump sensors, the company aims to identify which units can reduce cooling needs, such as those located in shaded areas. This proactive approach can enhance grid efficiency without necessitating expensive infrastructure improvements.
"Many have claimed that electrifying everything would overwhelm the grid," Romanin remarked. "However, I believe it is entirely feasible to electrify our systems, improve grid performance, and reduce energy costs."