The Central Pavilion of the Venice Biennale, situated in the Giardini della Biennale, has undergone a transformative renovation in preparation for its 2026 edition, set to open in May.
This extensive refurbishment, costing €31 million (approximately $36 million), was primarily funded by Italy's Ministry of Culture through its National Plan for Complementary Investments as part of the National Recovery and Resilience Plan (PNRR). The initiative is a component of the Ministry's "Great Cultural Heritage Attractors" program, which aims to enhance 22 cultural sites across Venice linked to the Biennale.
Commencing in December 2024, the renovation was completed in just 16 months, adhering to strict timelines outlined by the National Complementary Plan. The project features a striking design contrast between white walls and black ceilings, creating a modern aesthetic.
Architect Arianna Laurenzi and engineer Cristiano Frizzele, both affiliated with the Venice Biennale, led the renovation. They collaborated with various firms, including BuroMilan, which focused on structural design and sustainability. Other contributors included independent architect Fabio Fumagalli and Labics's Maria Claudia Clemente and Francesco Isidori, who were responsible for architectural design and art direction, while Stefano Olivari managed landscape design.
The Central Pavilion, originally constructed between 1894 and 1895 for the first Biennale, has seen multiple renovations over the years. Notably, it transitioned from housing the Italian Pavilion from 1932 to 1999 to becoming the site for the International Exhibition, with Harald Szeemann as its first curator. The Pavilion was renamed from Palazzo Pro Arte to its current title between 2009 and 2011.
This latest renovation aims to transcend mere preservation by critically reinventing the Pavilion. According to a statement, the project embraces a stratigraphic approach to its history, enhancing the architectural essence while removing incongruous elements.
A significant aspect of the renovation is the streamlined interior, where technical systems are concealed, ensuring unobstructed spaces. New skylights provide uniform natural lighting in exhibition areas, complemented by motorized shades that can create complete darkness when needed. The design prioritizes simplicity and functionality, integrating sustainability into every facet.
Additionally, two outdoor structures named altane have been added, connecting the Pavilion to the Giardini's landscape without overshadowing the existing architecture.
This year's main exhibition will be curated by the late Koyo Kouoh, who passed away shortly before unveiling her theme, "In Minor Keys." The exhibition will showcase 111 artists, with installation preparations now underway in the Central Pavilion.
Kouoh expressed that the theme invites audiences to engage with quieter, more intimate artistic expressions that resonate emotionally and foster a deeper connection to the art.